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站前學英語 | 菁英站前校世界新聞巨人隕落 賈伯斯傳奇締造蘋果王國

Steve Jobs, 1955–2011: Mourning Technology's Great Reinventor

Steve Jobs, whose death was announced Wednesday night, Oct. 5, 2011, wasn't a computer scientist. He had no training as a hardware engineer or industrial designer. The businesses Apple entered under his leadership — from personal computers to MP3 players to smart phones — all existed before the company got there.

But with astonishing regularity, Jobs did something that few people accomplish even once: he reinvented entire industries. He did it with ones that were new, like PCs, and he did it with ones that were old, like music. And his pace only accelerated over the years.

He was the most celebrated, successful business executive of his generation, yet he flouted many basic tenets of business wisdom. (Like his hero and soul mate, Polaroid founder Edwin Land, he refused to conduct focus groups or other research that might tell him what his customers wanted.) In his many public appearances as the head of a large public corporation, he rarely sounded like one. He introduced the first Macintosh by quoting Bob Dylan, and he took to saying that Apple sat "at the intersection of the liberal arts and technology." (See photos of the long and extraordinary career of Steve Jobs.)

Jobs' confidence in the wisdom of his instincts came to be immense, as did the hype he created at Apple product launches. That might have been unbearable if it weren't the case that his intuition was nearly flawless and the products often lived up to his lofty claims. St. Louis Cardinals pitching great "Dizzy" Dean could have been talking about Jobs rather than himself when he said, "It ain't bragging if you can back it up."

Jobs' eventual triumph was so absolute — in 2011, Apple's market capitalization passed that of Exxon Mobil, making it the planet's most valuable company — that it's easy to forget how checkered his reputation once was. Over the first quarter-century of his career, he was associated with as many failed products as hits. Having been forced out of Apple in 1985, he was associated with failure, period. Even some of his admirers thought of him as the dreamer who'd lost the war for personal-computer dominance to Microsoft's indomitable Bill Gates.

Until the iPod era, it seemed entirely possible that Jobs' most lasting legacy might be the blockbuster animated features produced by Pixar, the company he founded after acquiring George Lucas' computer-graphics lab in 1986. Instead, Pixar turned out to be, in Jobs' famous phrase, just one more thing. (See Steve Jobs' TIME covers.)

Born in 1955 in San Francisco to an unmarried graduate student and adopted at birth by Paul and Clara Jobs, Steven Paul Jobs grew up in Silicon Valley just as it was becoming Silicon Valley. It proved to be a lucky break for everyone concerned.

He was only 21 when he started Apple — officially formed on April Fool's Day, 1976 — with his buddy Steve "Woz" Wozniak, a self-taught engineer of rare talents. (A third founder, Ron Wayne, chickened out after less than two weeks.)

But Jobs had already done a lot of living, all of which influenced the company he built. He'd spent one unhappy semester at Reed College in Portland, Ore., and 18 happy months of "dropping in" on Reed classes as he saw fit. He'd found brief employment in low-level jobs at Silicon Valley icons HP and Atari. He'd taken a spiritual journey to India and dabbled with both psychedelic drugs and primal scream therapy. (資料來源:美國時代雜誌)

史帝芬賈伯斯逝世，享年56歲

來自世界各地的敬意蜂擁而至，悼念這位有遠見的創新者。

史帝芬賈伯斯這位富於遠見的天才，且是全球幾項最受歡迎的科技產品和機器的幕後推手，在十月五日去世了。他享年56歲。消息由蘋果宣布，他在1976年協助成立這家公司，並且由他帶領到科技業的顯著地位。一位家族朋友說，他是死於長期對抗的胰臟癌所衍伸的問題。

從世界各地都湧入追悼之意，而且似乎每個人，從美國總統到街上路人都有話要說。最溫暖的話語中也有來自同為科技業創新者的比爾蓋茲。「對我們這些有榮幸和他共事的人來說，這是極大的光榮。我會非常想念史蒂芬，」他補充說道。

蘋果公布一項聲明表示，「史蒂芬的才智、熱情和活力是無數創意的來源，豐富並且改善我們所有人的生活。這個世界因為有史蒂芬而無法衡量地變得更好。」毫無疑問的，史帝芬賈伯斯是一位了不起的人物—他能夠把科技世界和流行文化結合在一起。

(Business)Steve Jobs Dies at 56

Tributes flow in from around the world for the visionary innovator.

Steve Jobs, the visionary genius behind some of the worlds most popular gadgets and machines, died on October 5. He was 56 years old. The announcement was made by Apple, the company he helped establish in 1976 and which he led to a position of prominence in the tech industry. A family friend said he died due to problems resulting from his long fight with pancreatic cancer.

Tributes flowed in from around the world, and it seemed everyone, from the president of the United States to many average people on the street, had something to say. Some of the warmest words came from fellow tech innovator Bill Gates. For those of us lucky enough to get to work with him, its been an insanely great honor. I will miss Steve immensely, he added.

Apple released a statement saying: Steves brilliance, passion and energy were the source of countless innovations that enrich and improve all of our lives. The world is immeasurably better because of Steve. There can be no doubt that Steve Jobs was an incredible individual V someone who was able to bring together the worlds of technology and popular culture.

向賈伯斯致敬

佩吉（Google執行長）

聽到史蒂夫過世的消息，讓我非常、非常難過。他是成就非凡、表現卓絕的偉大人物。他似乎總是能夠以簡單幾個字，實際表達出你在想到之前，必然一直在思考的事情。他對用戶經驗的專注，尤其帶給我很大的啟發。我成為Google執行長後，雖然他的狀況已經不太好，他仍然親切地花時間傳授我一些他的見解和建議。我和Google員工關懷他的家人以及整個蘋果家族。

戴爾（戴爾公司創辦人兼執行長）

今天，世界失去一位有遠見的領袖，科技業失去一個眾所崇仰的傳奇人物，而我失去一個朋友和創業同儕。未來的幾個世代都會感念賈伯斯留下的遺產，我要向他的家人和蘋果團隊表達悼念與關懷。

惠特曼（HP執行長）

賈伯斯是偶像級的創業家與企業家，他對科技界的影響，遠及矽谷之外。世人將會記得他為市場帶來的創新，以及他對世界的啟發。

楊致遠（雅虎公司共同創辦人）

史蒂夫是我成長時期的英雄，他不僅親自給我許多建議與鼓勵，還讓我們了解創新會如何改變人們的生活。我深深地懷念他，全世界亦然。

陶德（美參議員兼美國電影協會主席）

認識賈伯斯已有四十年，他的才華不僅點燃皮克斯公司的視覺魔力與敘事能力，也為世界帶來一個最創新、最有成就的電影、電視創作平台。他是個先驅，協助大家了解科技人與創造者可以合作，讓我們共有的世界更豐富、更有活力。如果有人懷疑世上誰能以一己之力改變世界，答案就是史蒂夫．賈伯斯。世人會深深地懷念他。

沙茲柏格（紐約時報董事長）

史蒂夫．賈伯斯是個夢想家，也是《紐約時報》的絕佳朋友。他拓寬了資訊與新聞提供者應如何與用戶互動的界線，我和很多人一樣，對他的過世深感遺憾。

張忠謀（台積電董事長暨總執行長）

我們失去了一位真實的有遠見者。賈伯斯改變了電腦的面貌，並定義了行動計算處理器的形狀。賈伯斯創造了一個創新能夠做什麼的空前例子，我們將深切的懷念他。

周永明（宏達電執行長）

對賈伯斯辭世致上最大的哀悼之意，同時也對賈伯斯為科技產業所做的貢獻與影響，表示至高的尊敬和欽佩。

李開復（前Google大中華區總裁）

賈伯斯的座右銘「Stay hungry，stay foolish（求知若飢，虛心若愚）」是現代人很好的榜樣。賈伯斯留給世人的精神是，必須時時刻刻抱持初學者的謙虛及渴望求知的態度，來擁抱未來知識。

死亡拔河的賈伯斯，如是說

我們已知道他的人生細節；我們不知道的是他如何克服棄嬰、貧窮、背叛、絕症……一路維持夢想的人生祕密。
在人生旅途中，賈伯斯一路跑著。從孤苦棄嬰，跑到輟學……從略顯肥胖黑髮罩頂跑至身形瘦削髮細如絲；他始終跑著，未曾停下。當他真正倒下時，舉世震驚，全球至少一萬多份報紙，以似國喪半版黑白版面，悼念21世紀最偉大夢想家賈伯斯。

他不是驟逝，8年前2003年10月，醫師已宣告他罹患胰臟癌，「生命只剩6個月。」那刻起，他的命已如一張薄紙，一不小心，戳了即破；2010年他站在舞台上公布iPad 2，旋轉手中的創新產品，微弱乾咳嗓音：「它多麼薄，多麼美好。」此刻賈伯斯形容還包括了自己的生命。
我們每個人身旁都有一小處與賈伯斯關聯的事物，iPod、iTunes、iPhone、iPad、AppStore。其實我們都不認識他；奇特地這位陌生人的死亡，卻緊抓住我們，當他離去時，我們心中都有失去親友的疼痛。這種相同深埋於每一個人心中的疼痛，把全球大半人口連結起來；於是10月5日蘋果宣布賈伯斯死亡那一刻，整個地球自動為他舉行一場前所未有的地球式喪禮。

今年6月6日，賈伯斯最後一回露面公布iCloud。握著最後「武器」，這位本世紀來最偉大天才，似乎已隱喻他如今的去處。他已化作一抹雲朵，化為雲端，一個人類無法以數據中心連結的地方；在天際邊緣，向過去他從上帝借來的時間，正式道別。
賈伯斯於2005年6月12日，也是醫生宣告他早已應死亡後1年半，參加史丹佛畢業典禮，他為學子們說了人生點滴。他是個意外出生的男嬰，一個意外被工人家庭收養的男孩；他的養父連高中文憑都沒有。天才在一連串悲劇中誕生，但整場演說，他沒有用過「創傷」兩個字。創傷只屬於凡人，屬於拒絕超越自我的人，屬於不為自己人生負責的人。他談起自己讀不起昂貴的里德學院（Reed College），不只沒眼淚，反而心疼藍領階級的養父母花盡畢生積蓄栽培他的愛心，而他看不出價值所在。他愛書法也愛佛學，或許後來罹病身形，使他看起來更像仙風道骨的修行人。輟學後他超越世俗，有若一名早熟仙人把書法與科技結合，最終捕捉最迷人的蘋果程式。

熱愛自己所做一切

賈伯斯多次忠告崇拜他的年輕人，循著你的內心，讓它引領你，離開一般人已走爛的陳腐道路。即使被自己創辦公司解僱，被老友「背叛」，成為眾所周知的「失敗者」，只要熱愛自己所做的一切，人生永遠不會迷失。錯了，釋放自己，從頭來過。
2003年10月後，他每天都貼近死亡；對他而言反而成一種祝福。每日醒來他問自己：「若這是我生命中最後一天，我會想做今天我要做的事嗎？」與死亡賽跑最後8年，成賈伯斯創作力最豐盛歲月。打破成規的iPhone、完全創新的iPad、提供夢想家平台的AppStore……肝臟移植、化療，賈伯斯繼續在人生路程中，不理會醫師宣告跑著。他甚至沒時間哭，反而為他醫胰腺癌的醫生看到顯微鏡下組織細胞哭了。術後第二天，他即發信給蘋果同仁，「我已成功完成移植手術……盼很快歸來與你們工作。」
細細咀嚼賈伯斯的一生；親愛的讀者，如果你還活著，你為何需要悲傷？如果你只是不免窮苦，你為何需要絕望？你能和賈伯斯一般看穿別人走爛的路，依著自己的心，讓它引領你，奔向追夢人生嗎？
釋放你的悲傷，釋放你的憤怒，釋放你的藉口，釋放一切擋住你看到夢想的屏障，勇敢在人生旅途上，Keep Walking, Keep Running。
與死亡拔河的賈伯斯，如是說。